Wrench



J. M. CAVANAUGH. WRENCH. APPLICATION- HLEDAUGJ. 1.9101

1,382,761. Patented June 28, 1921.

I INVENTOR. Jmes-M Cavarmugfiz 'P Q 'SIEL.

' ATTORNEY as ordinarily constructed.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES M. CAVANAUGH, 0F BIG OAK FLAT, CALIFORNIA.

-WRENCH.

Application filed August e,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMns M. CAVA- NAUGI-I, a citizen of the United States, residing at Big Oak Fla-t, in the county of Tuolumne, State of California, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this application.

This invention relates to improvements in wrenches, either of theordinarytype or monkey wrench, or of the Stillson or pipe wrench.

The principal object of the invention is to devise a wrench of the types'mentioned in which the movable jaw may be moved up and down the shank at will, and'set at any desired point, and when once so set, will be firmly held'against undesired movement on the shank.

Inother words, when the jaws are set to take a certain size bolt head or nut, they will retain this set position until positively changed, and the setting will not be altered by jarring, vibration or other causes, such as change the setting of ordinary wrenches operating on the worm and rack principle, and which makes them defective and their use an aggravation.

Another object isto accomplish this without the use of springs or other partswhich are liable to weaken or break, and which, for a given size, will have a greater spread of the jaws than is possible with wrenches A further object of the invention is to produce a simple and inexpensive device and yet one which will be exceedingly effective for thepurposes which it is. designed.

These objects I accomplish by'means of such structure and relative arrangement of parts as will fully appear by a perusal of the following specification and .claims.

In the drawings similar characters of reference indicate corresponding. parts in the several views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of a wrench embodying my improved con struction. I

' Fig. 2 is a similar view, one of the side plates of the movable jaw being removed.

Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on a line 33 of Fig. 1.

Specification-of Letters Patent. Patented J 11119 28 1921,

1920/ Serial No. 402,100.

Referring now more particularly to the characters of reference on the drawings, the numeral 1 denotes the shank ofthe wrench provided with a handle 2 and with a fixed jaw 3 projecting from the top of the shank. On eachside of the shank and parallel with the jaw 3 are plates a between which is riveted ajaw 5 to match the jaw 3. The surface of this jaw adjacent the shank 1 is provided throughout with transverse teeth 6 adapted to fit into similar teeth 7 cut into the shank the full length thereof.

The jaw 5 is held in contact with the shank, or allowed a certain amount of movement away therefrom, so that the respective teeth will clear each other by means of a member 8, pivotally mounted between'the plates 4 on a bolt 9 positioned near the top of the plates on the side of the shank oppo site the jaws. On the side of the member 8 adjacent the shank the same is provided with a cam-surface 10 eccentrically positioned relative to the bolt 9, so that when said member is positioned substantially parallel to the shank, the cam surface engages the shank and keeps the jaw and shank teeth in close engagement.

The lower end of the member 8 is formed as a preferably rectangular shank 11, which is provided with a finger-hold 12 at its outer extremity which projects beyond the plates 4. On the shank portion 11 isslidably mounted a sleeve 13 provided with a finger-hold 14, the outer edges of this sleeve being adapted to be engaged by flanges 15 projecting inwardly from the platest. These flanges, however, terminate a certain distance from the bolt 9, between which points the plates 4 are cut away as at 16, so as to allow the sleeve to ,clear the flanges and permit the shank teeth to closely engage at both ends,'

so that no rocking movement of the jaw will be had. f j

The face of'the member 8 beyond the bolt and opposite the shank thereof is flattened as at 17, this flat face being such a distance from the bolt center that when the member 8 is turned at right angles to the shank 1, the jaw 5 may then move away fromthe shank enough to clear the coacting teeth and allow the movable jaw member to be slid up. and down on the shank without hindrance, and so formed that said member 8 cannot turn much more than at a right angle to the shank.

In order that the plates 4 may be interchanged in the event that the flanges should become worn or broken so that the sleeve would not be caused to grip the shank, similar flanges 18 are formed in ahnement with the flanges 15 but on the outside of the plates.

The operation of the device is self ev1- dent. V

To set the'jaw 5, the member 8 is moved away from the shank so as to permit the jaw member to slide on-the shank to the'desired position. The member 8 is then moved back to lie adjacent the shank, holding'the sleeve 1.3 so that it alines with the cut away portion of the plates. When the lower end of the shank 11 abuts against the shank of the wrench, or thereabouts, the sleeve is slid down under the flanges 15 until it wedges into contact with the shank of the wrench.

v, To shift the jaw, the reverse of the above operations is of course carried out.

From the foregoing description it willbe readily seen that I have produced such a device as substantially fulfils the objects of the invention as set forth herein.

WVhile this specification sets forth in detail the present and preferred construction of the device, still in practice such deviations from such detail may be resorted to and do not form a departure from the spirit of theinvention, as defined by the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and useful and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A wrench comprising a shank, a fixed jaw, a movable jaw slidable on the shank,

a cam member mounted with the movable jaw on the side thereof opposite from the shank, and a' friction member cooperating with the cam member arranged to engage the shank with varying intensity and at the same time to cause the cam member to similarly engage the shank.

2. A wrench "comprising a shank, a fixed jaw thereon, a movable jaw having flanges straddling the shank and projecting therebeyond, cooperating and transverse teeth in ,the adjacent faces of the movable jaw, and

shank, an arm pivoted between the flanges on the side of the shank opposite the jaw, said arm havinga cam portion adjacent the pivoted connection, and eccentric relative thereto and adapted to frictionally engage the shank when said arm is moved to lie along the shank, and means on said arm and cooperating with the flanges for positively holding the arm in such position and at the same time frictionally engaging the shank at the end of said arm opposite to the cam portion thereof.

3. A wrench jaw thereon, a movable jaw, plates fixed to the movable jaw and straddling the shank and projecting therebeyond, cooperating and transverse teeth in the adjacent faces of the movable jaw and shank, an arm pivoted between the plates on the side of the shankop- 1 posite the jaw, said arm having a cam portion adjacent the pivotal connection and ec, centricrelative thereto and adapted to frictionally engage the shank when said arm is moved to lie along the shank, a sleeve slid able on said arm, and means on said plates for causing said sleeve to frictionally engage theshankwhen moved away from the cam portion of the arm.

comprising a shank, a fixed 4. A wrench comprisingv a. shank,a fixed jaw thereon, a movable jaw, plates fixed to the movablejaw and straddling the shank and projecting therebeyond, cooperating and transverse teeth in the adjacent-faces of the movable jaw and shank, an arm pivoted between the plates on the side of the shankopposite the jaw, said arm having cam portion adjacent the pivotalconnection and eccentric relative thereto and adapted to frictionally engage the shank when said" arm is moved to lie along the shank, a sleeve slidable on said arm, and means on said plates for causing said sleeve to frictionally engage the shank when-movedj'away from the cam portion ofthe arm, the arm being arranged to be turned about its pivotal 'connectionand away from the shank when the sleeve is freed, the movable jaw being then freely slidable on the shank.

5. A wrench comprising a shank, a fixed jaw thereon, a movable jaw having plates JAMES M. CA ANAUGH. 

